Plants
The following are various plants found uniquely in the Tundra, in this case, the Northern Canadian Tundra. These plants have many different adaptations that affect the survival of these plants.
Arctic Willow
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pasque flower1: :Like all tundra*4 plants, grows low to the ground to keep out of the cold climate. 2: Around the stem is a leaf covered in silky hairs, as is the rest of the plant. To help insulate5* it, just like the arctic willow. |
tufted saxifrage1: The Saxifrage has a well-developed underground root system for storing carbohydrates*6, so that they can respond quickly to the cold weather of the tundra. 2: Rows in tight tussocks*7, almost carpeting the ground. This way of growing protects the plants from the often unfavorable northern climate. 3: Self-pollinating, The strategy ensures the seed production in heavy circumstances of northern climate*8. |
Technological use : The Pasque flower is useful to treat eye diseases like cataracts, which is opacity on the lens of the eye, which can cause partial or complete blindness.
Sessile-Leaved Scurvy-Grass IN EXTINCTION!
A plant being driven into extinction due to man-made issues, mainly oil-spillage. These plants, unlike others, live near the shores, submerged completely in water twice a day, it can be compared to a moss. But the shores are getting polluted with oil, which gives these plants many difficulties they cannot overcome. Oil can be very thick, and often times will flatten this flower against rocks and starve it of sunlight and water related minerals it needs to survive. |
INVASIVE SPECIES
sweet cloverOne invasive*9 species is Sweet Clover, because it's forcing bees to not pollinate wild berries that species in the Tundra eat, as well as some berries that us humans harvest.
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LOOSEsTRIFEThis invasive species is Loosetrife, it can be damaging to the *primary consumers*10 that are used to eating
different plants, and might get unwell or die. Loosestrife is not poisonous but is an aggressive invader. |
Examples of symbiosis*11
Mutualism*12
Lichen appears moss-like, but it actually represents a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and an algae. The fungus is "fed" sugars by the photosynthetic algae and the algae receives protection from the fungus.
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Parasitism*13
An example of a parasitism relationship is when any plant such as a Bear Berry or Caribou Moss is eaten by another animal like Polar bears or Caribou. The plant is not necessary killed, it is just harmed and contains less nutrients.
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Commensialism*14
Arctic Moss spreading and covering the ground while growing which warms up the soil for various other plants to grow whereas the arctic moss is unaffected. However, it may turn frozen over a long period of time.
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This is a pyramid of energy based on the Northern Canadian Tundra. All plant life lives on the bottom of this food chain. Getting eaten by various herbivores and omnivores is pretty much guaranteed in one plants life-time. There are however certain plants such a Loosestrife, which can be damaging to certain animals that eat it, which aren't accustomed to eating it (mostly primary consumers), urging some predators to avoid them. |
INDEX
1 : Horizontal roots that anchor the main root.
2 : Soil, rock or sediment that is frozen for more than two consecutive years.
3 : Toxic substances released intentionally into our environment to kill living things.
4 : A vast, flat, treeless Arctic region of Europe, Asia, and North America in which the subsoil is permanently frozen.
5 : Protect (something) by implementing material that prevents the loss of heat or the intrusion of sound.
6 : Any of a large group of organic compounds occurring in foods and living tissues and including sugars, starch, and cellulose.
7 : A small area of grass that is thicker or longer than the grass growing around it.
8 : The weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period.
9 : Any living thing that threatens the well being of the biome.
10: These animals feed on plants and fruits and are second on the food chain.
11 : Continuous interaction between two different organisms.
12 : Symbiosis where both animals gain something positive.
13 : Symbiosis where one animals gains something positive and the other is harmed.
14 : Symbiosis where one animal gains something and the other's is unaffected.
2 : Soil, rock or sediment that is frozen for more than two consecutive years.
3 : Toxic substances released intentionally into our environment to kill living things.
4 : A vast, flat, treeless Arctic region of Europe, Asia, and North America in which the subsoil is permanently frozen.
5 : Protect (something) by implementing material that prevents the loss of heat or the intrusion of sound.
6 : Any of a large group of organic compounds occurring in foods and living tissues and including sugars, starch, and cellulose.
7 : A small area of grass that is thicker or longer than the grass growing around it.
8 : The weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period.
9 : Any living thing that threatens the well being of the biome.
10: These animals feed on plants and fruits and are second on the food chain.
11 : Continuous interaction between two different organisms.
12 : Symbiosis where both animals gain something positive.
13 : Symbiosis where one animals gains something positive and the other is harmed.
14 : Symbiosis where one animal gains something and the other's is unaffected.
Image links
1 :Arctic WIllow : https://www.google.ca/search?q=arctic+willow&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwie6tPOuePTAhUC9GMKHRwtBvoQ_AUICigB&biw=1366&bih=662#imgrc=sL-u-_g8BfHiiM:
2 : Pasque Flower : https://www.google.ca/search?q=pasque+flower&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwin3Y2fuuPTAhVJ_WMKHSMBBQUQ_AUICigB&biw=1366&bih=662#imgrc=Ww1i8GFhSA0RkM:
3: Tufted Saxifrage : https://www.google.ca/search?q=tufted+saxifrage&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&sqi=2&ved=0ahUKEwi85Zi_uuPTAhVCLmMKHe7KDloQ_AUIBigB&biw=1366&bih=662#imgrc=3QMyHKtsTZwI7M:
4 : Sessile-Leaved Scurvy-Grass : https://www.google.ca/search?q=sessile+leaved+scurvy+grass&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjXpuzhuuPTAhUQ8GMKHSUCCQYQ_AUICigB&biw=1366&bih=662#imgrc=jqw8PcQwHVRq9M:
5 : Sweet Clover : https://www.google.ca/search?q=Sweet+Clover&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj_7P6Bu-PTAhUVzmMKHSuQDoMQ_AUICigB&biw=1366&bih=662#imgrc=RKIr17EkeFinCM:
6 : Loosestrife : https://www.google.ca/search?q=loosestrife&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjY7KWPu-PTAhVB7GMKHXkLCYYQ_AUICigB&biw=1366&bih=662#imgrc=ahhmYb1P1UplfM:
2 : Pasque Flower : https://www.google.ca/search?q=pasque+flower&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwin3Y2fuuPTAhVJ_WMKHSMBBQUQ_AUICigB&biw=1366&bih=662#imgrc=Ww1i8GFhSA0RkM:
3: Tufted Saxifrage : https://www.google.ca/search?q=tufted+saxifrage&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&sqi=2&ved=0ahUKEwi85Zi_uuPTAhVCLmMKHe7KDloQ_AUIBigB&biw=1366&bih=662#imgrc=3QMyHKtsTZwI7M:
4 : Sessile-Leaved Scurvy-Grass : https://www.google.ca/search?q=sessile+leaved+scurvy+grass&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjXpuzhuuPTAhUQ8GMKHSUCCQYQ_AUICigB&biw=1366&bih=662#imgrc=jqw8PcQwHVRq9M:
5 : Sweet Clover : https://www.google.ca/search?q=Sweet+Clover&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj_7P6Bu-PTAhUVzmMKHSuQDoMQ_AUICigB&biw=1366&bih=662#imgrc=RKIr17EkeFinCM:
6 : Loosestrife : https://www.google.ca/search?q=loosestrife&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjY7KWPu-PTAhVB7GMKHXkLCYYQ_AUICigB&biw=1366&bih=662#imgrc=ahhmYb1P1UplfM: